Custer State Park, South Dakota – The Bison herd in Custer State Park, South Dakota is part of a study at Texas A & M University Veterinary and Biomedical College, with 1,842 livestock DNA from the historic Bison herd in the United States. Compared with.
Custer State Park, South Dakota – The Bison herd in Custer State Park, South Dakota is part of a study at Texas A & M University Veterinary and Biomedical College, with 1,842 livestock DNA from the historic Bison herd in the United States. Compared with.“There’s a bit of tension they’re back in, and what they’re still trying to understand is that it’s happening naturally in Bison, or that there was actually integration at some point. , It’s part of what some studies are seeing, and it’s like the whole genotype of what’s happening in Bison, which is different from their genetics, “said Matt Snyder, director of Custer State Park. I am saying.
A study published in the journal Scientific Reports found that all bison in North America carry a small portion of livestock DNA. This study updates previous findings 20 years ago that revealed that there are only a few herds believed to be free of cattle invasion, including herds in Yellowstone National Park.
The herd of bison in Custer State Park began in 1914, when he purchased 36 cows from a herd of Scotty Phillips buffaloes.
Phillips is a rancher in South Dakota and began a herd of bison in 1899 with a herd of Fred Dupley.
Dupley, a French-Canadian fur trader, married a mini-conjur Lakota woman named Good Elk Woman. The Dupleys felt forced to save Bison after seeing the transformation of Plains Indians culture due to the Black Hills gold rush and the decline of the sacred herds. Fred and his son Pete Dupley captured five bison calves in the last large American Indian bison hunt on the Grand River in 1881.
In 1906, Phillips appealed to the US Congress to call Bison a “symbol of the West” and save him. He was allowed to lease 3,500 acres of unclaimed US government land as a reserve for a growing bison herd.
The Custer State Park Bison Flock was added in the 1940s and 1950s from the Wind Cave National Park Bison Flock and the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation.
“At that time, they had no way of surplusing animals, so in about nine years about 800 to 900 animals were actually hazy in Custer Park, so they have a genetic background similar to that of Wind. Because of that event. “We built a cave in,” said Chad Clemmer, manager of the Bison herd in Custer State Park and president of the National Bison Association. “Then, there were some other examples of animals and external animals being brought in. In the mid-1940s, there was a year when about 50 animals were brought in from Pineridge Reservation at the time, and apart from that. , Especially during the last 50-60 years, it was an almost closed herd. “
Custer State Park uses a bull-rich breeding population formula to reduce changes in herd inbreeding and manage herd numbers. In the 1980s, they performed herd blood group sampling and then again about 10 years later. The park discovered that they had lost some of their original blood types and came up with plans to maintain a unique genetic match for the herd.
“It was a 10-year project that they selected and tested bull calf crops. Then, a year later, if they had less frequent blood types, they chose breeding bulls. I analyzed the undoing. Out, “Kremer said. “After blood typing, the technique changed to DNA typing, sampling the herd several times several years apart, and after the park herd was confirmed, cattle integration was done. We reduced it or We’ve spent a lot of time working on plans to eliminate it, but technology is constantly evolving, which means that even the 20 years here in the park have had three significant changes in technology. “
New discoveries in the Texas A & M study change management practices within the bison community and actually conserve herds as closed bison herds such as Custer State Park do not need to be isolated from other herds. May be easier. For private producers, this study provides information for building genetic management practices to include more genetic diversity.
“Early in the discussion, we don’t know where to go between conservation groups and private producers, but there are certainly some things that can change when it comes to management objectives,” Kremer said. .. “I still have some questions. As far as we know, cows and bison are actually quite closely related.”
This study suggests that the 1800s rancher’s deliberate efforts to protect iconic animals may have left a complex genetic heritage through intentional or unintentional mating between the two species. Suggests. Without their efforts, Bison could be extinct.
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